陈勇刚， 冯鹏宇， 刘 翔， 张 磊

（中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全工程学院， 四川广汉618307）

DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2021.02.013

收稿日期： 2020-09-10， 修回日期：2020-09-27，在线出版时间：2020-12-22 16:22。

基金项目：教育部“新工科”研究与实践项目，编号：GK177；中国民航飞行学院基金项目，编号：J2020-114。

第一作者简介：陈勇刚(1977—)，男，硕士生导师，教授，研究方向为航空安全系统工程，航空安全管理，可靠性等。E-mail：501342198@qq.com。

通信作者简介：刘翔(1983—)，男，博士，工程师，研究方向为航空油料、安全工程、应用化学方面等。E-mail：128299390@qq.com。

摘要：以油胺和柠檬酸为原料，利用一步热解法制备油胺改性碳纳米颗粒(CNPs-OA)材料;利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和高分辨透射电镜(TEM)表征其表面基团，研究其在新戊基多元醇酯(NPE-2)基础油中的分散稳定性和减摩抗磨性能;利用三维光学显微镜和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征其磨痕表面。结果表明:CNPs-OA在NPE-2中有较好的分散稳定性，且能显著改善基础油的减摩抗磨性能;当添加剂的用量(质量分数)为0.5%时，与空白基础油相比，平均摩擦系数减小11.4%;当添加剂用量为1.0%时，平均磨损体积减小约45.3%;摩擦过程中CNPs-OA通过摩擦化学反应吸附在金属表面形成保护膜，同时碳纳米颗粒在摩擦副表面形成修复膜，两者的协同作用能够增强NPE-2基础油的减摩抗磨性能。

关键词：碳纳米材料；减摩抗磨；新戊基多元醇酯；碳基添加剂；润滑

Abstract：Oleylamine-modified carbon nanoparticles( CNPs-OA) were synthesized by facile one-pot pyrolysis method. The structure and morphology of CNPs-OA were characterized by FTIR,DLS and TEM. The dispersion stability and anti-friction and anti-wear properties of CNPs-OA in neopentyl polyol ester( NPE-2) were researched. The wear scar surface was characterized by three-dimensional optical microscope and XPS. The results show that CNPs-OA has good dispersion stability in NPE-2 and can significantly improve the anti-friction and anti-wear performance of the base oil. Compared with the blank base oil,the mean friction coefficient is reduced by 11. 4% with 0. 5% additive concentration. When the additive concentration is 1. 0%,the mean wear volume is reduced by about 45. 3%. CNPs-OA forms a protective film on the metal surface through tribochemical reaction,while carbon nanoparticles form a repaired film on the surface of the friction pair. The synergy of the two enhances the anti-friction and anti-wear properties of NPE-2.

Keywords：carbon nanomaterial; anti-friction and anti-wear; neopentyl polyol ester; carbon-based additive; lubrication

参考文献：

[1]方昌德. 航空发动机的发展前景[J]. 航空发动机, 2004(1): 1-5.

[2]刘维民, 许俊, 冯大鹏, 等. 合成润滑油的研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2013, 33(1): 91-104.

[3]费逸伟, 程治升, 杨宏伟, 等. 酯类合成航空润滑基础油特性分析[J]. 当代化工, 2013, 42(9): 1297-1300.

[4]纪献兵, 陈银霞, 杨立静, 等. 新戊基多元醇酯在润滑领域的应用研究[J]. 化工技术与开发, 2013, 42(9): 15-17.

[5]XIONG S, ZHANG B, ZHANG Z, et al. Synthesis, characterization and tribological performance of two novel borate esters containing nitrogen as a multifunctional additive in synthetic ester base oil[J]. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2020, 41(10): 1540-1548.

[6]杨瑞杰, 杨忠学, 刘强, 等. 新戊基多元醇酯结构与热稳定性的关系[J]. 合成润滑材料, 2014, 41(1): 6-7.

[7]GUAN W, DAI Z D, ZHU R P. Tribological characteristics of ammonium thiophosphonate in aeronautical lubrication oil[J]. Journal of the Balkan Tribological Association, 2015, 21(3): 568-574.

[8]ZHANG L, HE Y, ZHU L, et al. Alkyl phosphate modified graphene oxide as friction and wear reduction additives in oil[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2018, 54(6): 4626-4636.

[9]范冰极, 李建昌, 任天辉. 含氮硼酸酯与磷酸酯添加剂在PAO10中的摩擦特性协同效应[J]. 润滑与密封, 2016, 41(8): 19-23.

[10]刘翔. 表面功能化低维纳米碳基润滑添加剂的制备与摩擦学性能研究[D]. 成都: 西南石油大学, 2017.

[11]LANSDOWN A R, LEE S. Aviation Lubricants[M]//Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010.

[12]CHEN B, LIU M, LI C, et al. Fluorescent carbon dots functionalization[J]. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2019, 270: 165-190.

[13]KWON W, DO S, KIM J H, et al. Control of photoluminescence of carbon nanodots via surface functionalization using para-substituted anilines [J]. Entific Reports, 2015, 5:12604.

[14]MOU Z, WANG B, LU H, et al. Branched polyelectrolyte grafted carbon dots as the high-performance friction-reducing and antiwear additives of polyethylene glycol[J]. Carbon, 2019, 149: 594-603.

[15]JUNDE G, TANGJIE M, YUE L, et al. One-pot synthesis and lubricity of fluorescent carbon dots applied on PCL-PEG-PCL hydrogel[J]. Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition, 2018, 29(13): 1-29.

[16]LU H, LV Y, MA J, et al. Carbon dots intensified poly (ethylene glycol)/chitosan/sodium glycerophosphate hydrogel as artificial synovium tissue with slow-release lubricant[J]. Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2018, 88: 261-269.

[17]张盼, 赵顺省, 王雅坤, 等. 荧光碳点的合成及其应用研究进展[J]. 功能材料, 2020, 51(2): 2019-2026.

[18]石静. 荧光碳量子点的合成、性能及分析检测应用研究[D]. 银川: 宁夏大学, 2017.

[19]LU H, TANG W, LIU X, et al. Oleylamine-modified carbon nanoparticles as a kind of efficient lubricating additive of polyalphaolefin[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2017, 52(8): 1-10.