曹 雪， 滕元成， 王山林， 王 文
（西南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院， 四川 绵阳 621000）
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2021.03.012
收稿日期： 2020-08-01，修回日期：2020-12-15，在线出版时间：2021-04-07 13:01。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：11775182。
第一作者简介：曹雪(1994—)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为功能陶瓷。E-mail：2805966857@qq.com。
通信作者简介：滕元成(1967—)，男，硕士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为功能陶瓷。E-mail：tyc239@163.com。
摘要：为了固化高放射性石墨，采用石墨粉模拟放射性核素14C，以ZnO、Al2O3、SiO2为原料，制备ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2(ZAS)玻璃作为烧结助剂;以ZAS玻璃粉、Si、石墨粉为原料高温煅烧合成SiC-ZAS复相粉体颗粒的过程模拟固化高放射性石墨。借助高温光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪等分析仪器，研究ZAS玻璃的熔融特性与化学稳定性，以及SiC-ZAS复相粉体的合成。结果表明:配方为3.9Zn O·Al2O3·5.1SiO2的ZAS玻璃的流动温度为1 378℃，在pH为5～9的水溶液中浸泡28 d时，Si、Zn、Al的归一化浸出率分别为10-3、10-5、10-6g/(m2·d)数量级;合成SiC-ZAS复相粉体条件为1 350℃真空煅烧3 h，硅碳物质的量之比为1.075。
关键词：SiC·ZAS；复相粉体；模拟；固化；高放射性石墨
Abstract：To solidify high-radioactive graphite,using graphite powder to simulate radionuclide 14C.Using ZnO,Al2O3 and SiO2 as raw materials,ZAS glass was prepared as sintering assistant.Using ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass powder,Si and graphite powder as raw materials,the process of synthesis SiC-ZAS composite powder particles was simulated to solidify high radioactive graphite.By virtue of high-temperature microscope,X-ray diffraction,inductive coupled plasma emission spectrometer and other analytical instrument,the melting characteristics and chemical stability of ZAS glass as well as the synthesis of SiC-ZAS composite powders were studied.The results show that the flow temperature of the ZAS glass with a formula of 3.9 ZnO·1Al2O3·5.1SiO2 is 1 378℃，and the normalized leaching rates of Si,Zn and Al are 10-3,10-5 and 10-6g/(m2·d),respectively,when the ZAS glass immersed in an aqueous solution with a pH of 5～9 for 28 days.The synthesis of SiC-ZAS composite powder is calcined at 1 350℃ for 3h in vacuum and the ratio of the amount of silicon to carbonis 1.075.
Keywords：SiC-ZAS; composite powder; simulate; immobilize; high-radioactive graphite;
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