杜玉成，史默涵，林彭辉，李 杨，甄 爽，马延龙，王金淑

（北京工业大学 材料与制造学部，北京 100124）

DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2021.06.003

收稿日期： 2021-08-10，修回日期：2020-08-31，在线出版时间：2021-10-18 14:27。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金，编号：51974011；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目，编号：2019BFG02032。

第一作者简介：杜玉成(1963—)，男，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为环境功能材料、非金属矿物材料。E-mail: ychengdu@bjut.edu.cn。

摘要：为了更好地低成本处理水体中的氨氮、硫等污染物,对天然矿物蛭石颗粒进行NaCl层间处理、对火山岩颗粒进行FeCl3表面处理。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱等手段对矿物颗粒进行表征;同时研究蛭石和火山岩处理前后对氨氮、硫的吸附性能,分析讨论2种矿物颗粒对氨氮、硫的吸附机理。结果表明:在最佳条件下,Na化蛭石对氨氮的吸附容量由原来的21.4 mg/g提高到29.3 mg/g,对水体中氨氮的去除率由86.7%提高到93.4%;改性火山岩对硫化物的吸附容量由原来的3.1 mg/g提高到36.9 mg/g;蛭石颗粒对氨氮的去除以物理吸附为主,火山岩颗粒对硫的吸附以化学吸附为主。

关键词：蛭石；火山岩；氨氮吸附；表面修饰

Abstract：In order to preferably treat ammonia nitrogen and sulfur in water bodies at low cost,the natural mineral vermiculite and volcanic rock particles were modified by NaCl and FeCl3,respectively. Scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR) techniques were adopted to characterize the mineral particles. The adsorption performances as well as mechanism of vermiculite and volcanic rock before and after modification towards ammonia nitrogenand sulfur were investigated,respectively. By comparison to raw vermiculite,after modification,the adsorption capacity of vermiculite towards ammonia nitrogen increased from 21. 4 mg/g to 29. 3 mg/g under the optimal conditions,and the removal efficiency increased from 86. 7% to 93. 4%. After modification,the adsorption capacity of volcanic rock for sulfide increased from 3. 1 mg/g to 36. 9 mg/g. The removal of ammonia nitrogen by vermiculite particles is mainly physical adsorption,and the removal of sulfur by volcanic rock particles is mainly chemical adsorption.

Keywords：vermiculite; volcanic rock; ammonia nitrogen adsorption; surface modification

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