何乃如1，方子文1，贾均红1，刘 宁2，杨 杰1
（1. 陕西科技大学 机电工程学院，陕西 西安 710021；2. 西安航天复合材料研究所，陕西 西安 710021）
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2022.02.012
收稿日期： 2021-09-02，修回日期：2021-09-12，在线出版时间：2022-01-30 14:19。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号 ：51905325；中国博士后科学基金项目，编号：2019M653525。
第一作者简介：何乃如(1989—)，男，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为固体润滑材料的设计、制备及性能研究。E-mail：henairu@sust.edu.cn。
通信作者简介：贾均红(1974—)，男，博士，教授，研究方向为摩擦学及表面工程。E-mail：jhjiasust@163.com。
摘要： 利用次亚磷酸钠作为还原剂，硫酸镍作为主盐，柠檬酸钠作为络合剂，通过化学镀法制备核壳结构Ag@Ni粉体；采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能量色散谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)技术对核壳结构Ag@Ni粉体的形貌、结构及化学组分进行表征分析；通过设计单因素实验，并以化学镀液浓度为单因素，硫酸镍、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠浓度为影响因子，研究化学镀液浓度对核壳结构Ag@Ni粉体镀层厚度的影响。结果表明：核壳结构Ag@Ni粉体镀层具有良好的包覆性和完整性；核壳结构Ag@Ni粉体制备过程中Ag的形态结构没有发生变化，镀Ni层以单质Ni存在，且主要沿Ni的(111)晶面生长；随着硫酸镍、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠浓度的增大，核壳结构Ag@Ni粉体镀层厚度显著增加，次亚磷酸钠的浓度对镀层厚度增长速率的影响最显著，柠檬酸钠浓度的影响最小。
关键词： 核壳结构；银；镍；化学镀
Abstract:Core-shell Ag@Ni powders were prepared by using chemical plating method taking sodium sodium hypophosphite,nickel sulfate,and sodium citrate as reducing agent,principal salt,and complexation agent,respectively.Morphology,structures and chemical composition of core-shell Ag@Ni powders were characterized by optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscope (SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS),and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The influence of the chemical plating solution concentration on plated layer thickness of the core-shell Ag@Ni powders were explored by designing a single factor experiment,taking the concentration of the chemical plating solution as a single factor,and the concentration of nickel sulfate,sodium hypophosphite,and sodium citrate as impact factors.The results show that core-shell Ag@Ni powders have good inclusion and integrity.The morphological structure of Ag do not change during the preparation of core-shell Ag@Ni powders.The plated Ni layer is present in pure element Ni and grows predominantly along the (111)crystal surface of Ni.The plated layer thickness of the core-shell Ag@Ni powders increase significantly,with increasing of the concentration of nickel sulfate,sodium hypophosphite,and sodium citrate.The concentration of the reducing agent sodium hypophosphite has the most significant effect on the growth rate of the plated layer thickness and the concentration of sodium citrate has the least effect.
Keywords:core-shell structure;Ag;Ni;chemical plating
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