袁银男1,2， 肖政臻1， 梅德清1， 张登攀1， 陆海峰3
（1. 江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院， 江苏镇江212013； 2. 南通大学机械工程学院， 江苏南通226019；3. 江苏江淮动力股份有限公司， 江苏盐城224007）
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2022.06.009
收稿日期： 2021-04-19， 修回日期：2022-07-05，在线出版时间：2022-11-01。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：51876133； 51876082。
第一作者简介：袁银男（1959—），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事动力机械清洁燃烧与排放控制。E-mail： yuanyn@suda.ujs.edu.cn。
通信作者简介：梅德清（1974—），男，教授，硕士生导师，主要从事动力机械清洁燃烧与排放控制。E-mail： meideqing@ujs.edu.cn。
摘要：在一台国V排放标准电控高压共轨柴油机上，应用排气颗粒物粒径谱仪(EEPS)和不透光烟度计(AVL439)测量分析不同燃料在加装后处理装置前、后的颗粒物含量和消光性能。结果表明：核态和积聚态颗粒物含量按照所使用燃料柴油、棕榈油生物柴油(PB)、餐饮废油生物柴油(WB)、大豆油生物柴油(SB)的次序下降；经过后处理之后，颗粒物含量下降并且小粒径颗粒含量增加。按照柴油、PB、WB、SB的次序，几种燃料的消光排放因子逐渐下降，消光性能逐渐改善；从消光角度分析，生物柴油是一种更加环境友好型的燃料；在相同转速下，随着负荷增大，4种燃料的排气颗粒物平均颗粒质量消光截面逐渐减小，经后处理，平均颗粒质量消光截面大幅增加，即单位质量颗粒物的平均消光能力随负荷增加而降低，随后处理的介入而提高。
关键词：生物柴油；颗粒物；消光排放因子；平均颗粒质量消光截面
Abstract：In an electronically controlled high pressure common-rail diesel engine which met the national V emission standard, the particle concentration and extinction characteristics of various biodiesels were detected using the engine exhaust particle sizer(EEPS) and an opaque smoke meter(AVL439), and their difference between before and after post-treatments was compared. The results show that for various fuels, their concentration of nucleation-mode particles and accumulation-mode particles decline within sequence of diesel, palm oil biodiesel(PB), waste oil biodiesel(WB) and soybean oil biodiesel(SB). After the post-processing, their number concentrations decrease and move toward small particle sizes. For PB, WB, and SB, their extinction emission factors decrease gradually, and the extinction performance is improved little by little. In term of extinction, biodiesel is an environment-friendly fuel. Under the modes of one given speed, with the increasing of load, the average particle mass extinction cross-section of the four fuels' emission particles gradually decrease, while after the post-processing, the average particle mass extinction cross-section increases significantly. That is to say, the average extinction ability of unit mass particles decrease with the increasing of load and increase with adopting post-processing.
Keywords：biodiesel; particle; extinction emission factor; average particle mass extinction cross-section
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