高晓红1,2， 王彦明2， 冯辉霞1
（1. 兰州理工大学 石油化工学院， 甘肃 兰州 730050；2.河北工程大学 材料科学与工程学院； 河北省改性塑料技术创新中心， 河北 邯郸 056038）
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2023.01.013
收稿日期： 2022-07-14，修回日期：2022-11-17，在线出版时间：2022-12-06 08:55。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目， 编号： 51805140； 河北省自然科学基金项目， 编号： E2018402121；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目，编号：206Z1201G，216Z1202G。
第一作者简介：高晓红(1986—)，女，博士研究生，研究方向为纳米材料的制备及在润滑领域的应用。E-mail： gaoxiaohong2008@126.com。
通信作者简介：冯辉霞(1966—)，女，教授，博士，博士生导师，研究方向为纳米材料的制备及应用。E-mail： fenghx@163.com。
摘要：综述以六方氮化硼(hexagonal boron nitride, h-BN)粉体为原料制备氮化硼纳米片(boron nitride nanosheet, BNNS)的方法，归纳原料粒径、溶剂、超声波功率、磨球用量、助剂及预处理工艺等因素对BNNS制备的影响机理；概述h-BN和BNNS表面修改性的途径和方法，总结共价改性法和非共价改性法的机理和优缺点。同时提出：与化学剥离法、液相剥离法、机械剥离法和超临界剥离法相比，由于h-BN层间的π-π共轭和lip-lip作用，介质增强液相剥离法更加简便、高效，适合工业化批量生产，但是需选择恰当的剥离助剂并进一步揭示剥离过程的机理；由于h-BN结构中B、 N原子的化学惰性和局部共轭作用，纯h-BN和BNNS很难被基于化学反应的共价改性法进行直接修饰；h-BN及BNNS的非共价改性法操作简便，但以物理作用为基础的非共价改性结合力较弱，容易在高温、强酸碱等苛刻条件下失效。
关键词：氮化硼纳米片；剥离法；表面改性
Abstract：The methods of producing boron nitride nanosheet(BNNS) by using hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) powder as raw material were reviewed. The influence mechanism of raw material particle size, solvent, ultrasonic power, amount of grinding ball, additives and pretreatment technology on the preparation of BNNS was summarized.The surface modification methods of h-BN and BNNS were summarized, and the mechanism, advantages and disadvantages of covalent and non-covalent modification methods were summarized. Compared with chemical, liquid phase, mechanical and supercritical exfoliation methods, the medium-enhanced liquid phase exfoliation method is more simple, efficient and suitable for industrial batch production due to the π-π conjugation and lip-lip interaction between h-BN layers. However, it is necessary to select appropriate exfoliation additives and further reveal the mechanism of the exfoliation process. Due to the chemical inertia and local conjugation of B and N atoms in the h-BN structure, pure h-BN and BNNS are difficult to be directly modified by the covalent modification method based on chemical reactions. The non-covalent modification method of h-BN and BNNS is simple to operate, but the non-covalent modification method based on physical action has weak binding force and is easy to fail under harsh conditions such as high temperature and strong acid base.
Keywords：boron nitride nanosheets; exfoliation method; surface modification
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