童乾峰，刘清海，彭文联，代晓东

（军事科学院 防化研究院，北京 102205）

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2023.02.015

收稿日期：2022-12-11，修回日期：2022-12-19，在线出版时间：2023-01-06 11:06。

基金项目：国防预研基金项目，编号30110020502，JK20211A040541。

第一作者简介：童乾峰(1999—)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为纳米纤维复合薄膜技术。E-mail：1073148815@qq.com。

通信作者简介：代晓东(1974—)，男，研究员，博士，博士生导师，研究方向为军用功能材料技术。E-mail：dxd010@163.com。

摘要：基于单喷射静电纺丝法建立掺杂石墨烯粉末的聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维复合薄膜的制备方法，研究石墨烯粉末的种类、掺杂量等因素对复合薄膜微观结构的影响。结果表明：石墨烯粉末片径越小、片层数量越少、掺杂量越高，越有利于减小纳米纤维的平均直径；通过优化纺丝前驱体溶液的制备工艺，可降低石墨烯片粒径，将石墨烯的掺杂质量分数提升至7%，制备的复合薄膜的纳米纤维直径也会减少，相对于未添加石墨烯的薄膜，减小幅度达到34.0%。该制备方法利于得到纤维直径更小的PAN薄膜，降低薄膜的孔径，提高薄膜的力学性能，提升对超细颗粒物的过滤效果。

关键词：石墨烯; 聚丙烯腈; 静电纺丝; 纳米纤维; 复合薄膜

Abstract：Based on the single-jet electrospinning method, the preparation method of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)nanofiber composite films doped with graphene powder was established.The effects of the type and doping content of graphene powder on the microstructure of the composite films were studied.The results show that with the graphene powder sheet diameter becoming smaller, the number of sheets becoming less and the doping content becoming higher, it is the more conducive to reducing the average diameter of nanofibers.In addition, by optimizing the preparation process of spinning precursor solution, the sheet diameter of graphene is reduced, and the doping content of graphene further increase to 7%.The diameter of nanofibers in the prepared composite film also further reduce, which is 34.0% less than that of the film without graphene.The established preparation method is conducive to obtaining PAN film with smaller fiber diameter, reducing the pore diameter of the film, improving the mechanical properties of the film, and improving its filtering effect on ultrafine particles.

Keywords：graphene; polyacrylonitrile; electrospinning; nanofibers; composite films

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